Incamake yo Kwambara Icyuma / Inkoni
Gutwara ibyuma bikoreshwa mugukora imipira, kuzunguruka no gutwara impeta. Kwitwaza bifite umuvuduko mwinshi no guterana amagambo mugihe ukora, bityo gutwara ibyuma birasabwa kugira ubukana buhanitse kandi bumwe, kwambara birwanya imipaka ntarengwa. Ibisabwa kugirango uburinganire bwimiti ihindurwe, ibiyikubiyemo nogukwirakwiza ibintu bitari ibyuma, no gukwirakwiza karbide zicyuma birakomeye. Nimwe murwego rukomeye rwicyuma mubikorwa byose byibyuma. Mu 1976, ISO, Umuryango mpuzamahanga wita ku bipimo ngenderwaho, yashyizemo amanota rusange y’icyuma rusange mu rwego mpuzamahanga, kandi igabanya ibyuma bitwara ibyuma mu byiciro bine: ibyuma bitwara ibyuma bikomye, ibyuma bikomye ibyuma, ibyuma bitagira umwanda, hamwe n’ubushyuhe bwo hejuru; ibyuma, byose hamwe amanota 17 yicyuma. Ibihugu bimwe byongera icyiciro cyo gutwara ibyuma cyangwa ibivangwa kubintu byihariye. Uburyo bwo gutondekanya ibyuma byashyizwe mubyiciro bisanzwe mubushinwa birasa nubwa ISO, bihuye nibyiciro bine byingenzi: chromium nini ya karuboni ifite ibyuma, ibyuma bya karubone, ibyuma bitangirika, kandi ibyuma bifite ubushyuhe bwo hejuru.
Gushyira mu bikorwa ibyuma bifata ibyuma / Inkoni
Gutwara ibyuma bikoreshwa cyane mugukora umubiri uzunguruka nimpeta yo kuzunguruka. Gutwara ibyuma birasabwa kugira ubukana bwinshi, ubukana bumwe, imipaka ntarengwa ya elastike, imbaraga zo gukoraho umunaniro mwinshi, gukomera gukenewe, gukomera gukomeye, hamwe no kurwanya ruswa mu bikoresho byorohereza ikirere kuko kubyara bigomba kugira ibiranga ubuzima burebure, busobanutse neza, ubushyuhe buke , umuvuduko mwinshi, ubukana bwinshi, urusaku ruke, kwihanganira kwambara cyane, nibindi. Kugira ngo wuzuze ibisabwa byavuzwe haruguru, ibisabwa kubijyanye nuburinganire bwimiti, ibintu bitarimo ibyuma nubwoko, ingano ya karbide na gutatanya, decarburisation, nibindi byo gutwara ibyuma birakomeye. Gutwara ibyuma muri rusange byateye imbere mu cyerekezo cyiza, imikorere yo hejuru nubwoko bwinshi.
