Ibyuma bishyirwa mu byiciro kandi bigashyirwa mu matsinda ane: Ibyuma bya karuboni, Ibyuma by'ibyuma bya alloy, Ibyuma bitagira umwanda Ibyuma bitagira umwanda
Ubwoko bwa 1-Ibyuma bya karuboni
Uretse karuboni n'icyuma, ibyuma bya karuboni bikubiyemo gusa ingano nto y'ibindi bice. Ibyuma bya karuboni ni byo bikunze kugaragara mu byiciro bine by'icyuma, bingana na 90% by'umusaruro wose w'icyuma! Ibyuma bya karuboni bishyirwa mu matsinda atatu hashingiwe ku ngano ya karuboni mu cyuma:
l Ibyuma bifite karuboni nkeya/ibyuma byoroheje (kugeza kuri karuboni 0.3%)
l Ibyuma bya karuboni biringaniye (0.3–0.6% bya karuboni)
l Ibyuma bifite karuboni nyinshi (karuboni irenga 0.6%)
Ibigo bikunze gukora ibi byuma byinshi kubera ko bihendutse kandi bikomeye bihagije ku buryo byakoreshwa mu bwubatsi bunini.
Ubwoko bwa 2-Ibyuma by'ibyuma bya alloy
Ibyuma bya aluminiyumu bikorwa hifashishijwe icyuma gihuza ibindi bintu nk'icyuma cya nikeli, umuringa, chromium na/cyangwa aluminiyumu. Guhuza ibi bintu byongera imbaraga, ubushobozi bwo kugenda, kurwanya ingese no gukora neza kw'icyuma.
Ubwoko bwa 3-Ibyuma bitagira umwanda
Ibyuma bitagira umushongi bivanze na chromium 10–20% hamwe na nikeli, silikoni, manganese na karuboni. Kubera ubushobozi bwabyo bwo kwihanganira ikirere kibi, ibi byuma bifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingese ku rugero rukabije kandi ni byiza kubikoresha mu bwubatsi bwo hanze. Ibyuma bitagira umushongi nabyo bikunze gukoreshwa mu bikoresho by'amashanyarazi.
Urugero, icyuma cya 304 kidasagwa cyane gikunzwe cyane kubera ubushobozi bwacyo bwo kwihanganira ibidukikije no kubungabunga ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi.
Nubwo ibyuma bitandukanye bitagira umugese, harimo n'ibyuma 304 bitagira umugese, bifite umwanya mu nyubako, ibyuma bitagira umugese ni byo bikunze gushakishwa cyane kubera imiterere yabyo y'isuku. Ibi byuma biboneka cyane mu bikoresho by'ubuvuzi, imiyoboro, imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi, ibikoresho byo gukata no mu mashini zitunganya ibiribwa.
Ubwoko bwa 4-Ibyuma by'ibyuma
Ibyuma by'ibikoresho, nk'uko izina ribigaragaza, birakomeye mu bikoresho byo gukata no gucukura. Kuba hari tungsten, molybdenum, cobalt na vanadium bifasha mu kongera ubushyuhe no kuramba muri rusange. Kandi kubera ko bigumana imiterere yabyo nubwo bikoreshwa cyane, ni byo bikoresho bikunzwe cyane mu bikoresho byinshi by'intoki.
Gushyira mu byiciro ibyuma
Uretse ayo matsinda ane, icyuma gishobora kandi gushyirwa mu byiciro hashingiwe ku bintu bitandukanye birimo:
Imiterere: ubwoko bwa karuboni, aloyi, ifumbire itagira umwanda, nibindi.
Uburyo bwo kurangiza: gushyushya, gukonjesha, gukonjesha, nibindi.
Uburyo bwo gukora: itanura ry'amashanyarazi, icupa rihoraho, nibindi.
Imiterere mito: ferritic, pearlitic, martensitic, nibindi.
Imbaraga z'umubiri: hakurikijwe ibipimo bya ASTM
Uburyo bwo gukuraho ogisijeni: kwicwa cyangwa kwicwa igice
Uburyo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe: gushyushya, gushyushya, nibindi.
Amazina meza: ubwiza bw'ubucuruzi, ubwiza bw'umuyoboro w'igitutu, ubwiza bw'igishushanyo, n'ibindi.
Icyuma cyiza kurusha ibindi ni ikihe?
Nta cyuma "cyiza" gihari ku isi hose, kuko icyuma cyiza gikoreshwa giterwa n'ibintu byinshi, nko gukoresha icyo gikenewe, ibisabwa mu by'ikoranabuhanga n'ibikenewe mu buryo bw'umubiri, ndetse n'amafaranga ntarengwa.
Ibyuma bikoreshwa buri gihe kandi bifatwa nk'ibikurikiranye bya mbere muri buri bwoko birimo:
Ibyuma bya karuboni: A36, A529, A572, 1020, 1045, na 4130
Ibyuma bya aluloyi: 4140, 4150, 4340, 9310, na 52100
Ibyuma bitaza umutako: 304, 316, 410, na 420
Ibyuma by'ibikoresho: D2, H13, na M2
JINDALAI ni itsinda rikuru ry'ibyuma rishobora gutanga ibyuma by'ubwoko bwose mu buryo bwa coil, sheet, pipe, tube, rod, bar, flanges, ecrans, tees, nibindi. Ha Jindalai icyizere, kandi uzanyurwa n'icyo gicuruzwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-08-2023
