Imitungo Yibanze Yibikoresho by'ibyuma

Imitungo y'ibikoresho by'icyuma muri rusange igabanijwemo ibyiciro bibiri: imikorere imikorere n'imikorere ikoreshwa. Ibibyitwa imikorere bivuga imikorere yibikoresho byicyuma munsi yubukonje nubushyuhe mugihe cyo gukora ibikorwa bya mashini. Ubwiza bwimikorere imikorere yibikoresho by'ibyuma bigena guhuza n'imihindagurikire yo gutunganya no gushinga mugihe cyo gukora. Bitewe nibihe bitandukanye byo gutunganya, imitungo isabwa nayo iratandukanye, nko gukora imiti, kunezeza, ibikoresho byimiti, nibindi bikorwa byimikorere bigena imikoreshereze yimikorere na serivisi.

Mu nganda zikora imashini, ibice bya mashini rusange bikoreshwa mubushyuhe busanzwe, igitutu gisanzwe nibitangazamakuru byangiza ibintu, kandi mugihe cyo gukoresha, buri gice cyimashini kizikorera imitwaro itandukanye. Ubushobozi bwibikoresho byicyuma kugirango barwanye ibyangiritse munsi yimizigo byitwa imiterere ya mashini (cyangwa imiterere yubukanishi). Imitungo ya mashini yibikoresho byicyuma niyo shingiro ryingenzi kubishushanyo mbonera nibikoresho byo guhitamo ibice. Ukurikije imiterere yumutwaro ushyizwe (nko guhagarika impagarara, torsion, ingaruka, umutwaro wa cyclic, nibindi), ibikoresho bya mashini bisabwa nibikoresho byicyuma nabyo bizaba bitandukanye. Mubisanzwe byakoreshejwe imiterere ikubiyemo imashini birimo: imbaraga, plastike, gukomera, gukomera, gukomera, imbaraga nyinshi zo kurwanya ingaruka no kunanirwa. Buri mutungo wa mashini uganirwaho muburyo bukurikira.

1. Imbaraga

Imbaraga zerekeza kubushobozi bwibikoresho byo kunanira ibyangiritse (uburyo bukabije bwa plastiki cyangwa kuvunika) munsi yumutwaro uhagaze. Kubera ko ibikorwa byo kwipfukirana muburyo bwo guhagarika umutima, kwikuramo, kunama, gukinisha, nibindi, imbaraga zo gutunganya, imbaraga zo guswera, nibindi. Mugukoresha, imbaraga za tensile muri rusange zikoreshwa nkimbaraga zingenzi zuzuye.

2. Plastike

Plastike bivuga ubushobozi bwibikoresho byicyuma kugirango bitange ibitekerezo bya plastike (imyuka ihoraho) nta kurimbuka munsi yumutwaro.

3.Hardness

Gukomera ni urugero rwukuntu ibintu bigoye cyangwa byoroshye. Kugeza ubu, uburyo bukoreshwa cyane bwo gupima gukomera mu musaruro ni uburyo bwo gukomera uburyo bwa geometrike bwo gukanda mu mutwaro w'icyuma, kandi agaciro gakomeye gapimwa hashingiwe ku rwego rwa indentation.
Uburyo busanzwe bwakoreshejwe burimo Brinell Hardness (HB), gukomera gukomera (HRA, HRB, HRC) na vickers bikomeye (HV).

4. Umunaniro

Imbaraga, plastike, no gukomera byaganiriweho mbere nibigaragaza ibikorwa byose byubukanishi ibyuma munsi yumutwaro uhagaze. Mubyukuri, ibice byinshi bya mashini bikorwa munsi yumutwaro wa cyclic, kandi umunaniro zizabaho mubice mubihe nkibi.

5. INGARUKA

Umutwaro ukora ku gice cyimashini kumuvuduko mwinshi witwa Ingaruka Umutwaro, nubushobozi bwicyuma kugirango urwanye ibyangiritse munsi yingaruka zititwa Ingaruka.