Imiterere y'ibanze y'ibikoresho by'icyuma

Imiterere y'ibikoresho by'icyuma muri rusange igabanyijemo ibice bibiri: imikorere n'imikorere. Icyo bita imikorere yerekeza ku mikorere y'ibikoresho by'icyuma mu bihe byagenwe byo gutunganya ibintu bikonje n'ibishyushye mu gihe cyo gukora ibice bya mashini. Ubwiza bw'imikorere y'ibikoresho by'icyuma bugena uburyo bihuzwa no gutunganya no gukora mu gihe cyo gukora. Bitewe n'imiterere itandukanye yo gutunganya ibintu, imiterere isabwa yo gutunganya ibintu nayo iratandukanye, nko gukora neza mu gusuka ibintu, gusyira ibintu, gukonja, gukora neza mu bushyuhe, gukata ibintu, nibindi. Icyo bita imikorere yerekeza ku mikorere y'ibikoresho by'icyuma mu gihe cyo gukoresha ibice bya mashini, birimo imiterere y'ibikoresho, imiterere y'ibintu, imiterere ya shimi, nibindi. Imikorere y'ibikoresho by'icyuma igena urwego rw'ikoreshwa ryabyo n'igihe bimara.

Mu nganda zikora imashini, ibice rusange bya mashini bikoreshwa mu bushyuhe busanzwe, igitutu gisanzwe n'ibikoresho bidahumanya cyane, kandi mu gihe cyo gukoreshwa, buri gice cya mashini kizikorera imitwaro itandukanye. Ubushobozi bw'ibikoresho by'icyuma bwo kwihanganira kwangirika munsi y'umutwaro bwitwa imiterere ya mashini (cyangwa imiterere ya mashini). Imiterere ya mashini y'ibikoresho by'icyuma ni yo shingiro ry'ingenzi mu gushushanya no guhitamo ibikoresho by'ibice. Bitewe n'imiterere y'umutwaro ukoreshwa (nk'uburemere, gukanda, gukurura, ingaruka, umutwaro uzenguruka, nibindi), imiterere ya mashini isabwa ku bikoresho by'icyuma nayo izaba itandukanye. Imiterere ya mashini ikoreshwa kenshi irimo: imbaraga, ubuziranenge, gukomera, ubukana bw'ingaruka nyinshi n'umunaniro ntarengwa. Imiterere ya buri mashini ivugwaho ukwayo hepfo.

1. Imbaraga

Imbaraga yerekeza ku bushobozi bw'icyuma bwo kurwanya kwangirika (guhinduka cyane kwa pulasitiki cyangwa kuvunika) mu gihe cy'umutwaro udahinduka. Kubera ko umutwaro ukora mu buryo bwo gukanda, gukanda, kunama, gukata, nibindi, imbaraga nazo zigabanyijemo imbaraga zo kunama, imbaraga zo kunama, imbaraga zo kunama, imbaraga zo kunama, nibindi. Akenshi hari isano runaka hagati y'imbaraga zitandukanye. Mu ikoreshwa, imbaraga zo kunama muri rusange zikoreshwa nk'ikimenyetso cy'imbaraga cy'ibanze.

2. Ubuziranenge bwa pulasitiki

Plastike yerekeza ku bushobozi bw'icyuma bwo gukora plastike (guhinduka guhoraho) nta gusenyuka iyo biremereye.

3. Ubukomere

Ubukomere ni igipimo cy'uburyo ibikoresho by'icyuma bikomeye cyangwa byoroshye. Muri iki gihe, uburyo bukoreshwa cyane mu gupima ubukomere mu gukora ni uburyo bwo gukomera mu buryo bw'inyuguti, bukoresha inyuguti y'inyuguti ifite ishusho runaka ya geometrike kugira ngo ishyire hejuru y'ibikoresho by'icyuma bigeragezwa munsi y'umutwaro runaka, kandi agaciro k'ubukomere gapimirwa hashingiwe ku rugero rw'inyuguti y'inyuguti.
Uburyo bukunze gukoreshwa burimo ubukana bwa Brinell (HB), ubukana bwa Rockwell (HRA, HRB, HRC) na ubukana bwa Vickers (HV).

4. Umunaniro

Ingufu, ubuziranenge, n'ubukana byavuzwe mbere byose ni ibimenyetso by'imikorere y'icyuma mu gihe cy'umutwaro udahinduka. Mu by'ukuri, ibice byinshi by'imashini bikoreshwa mu gihe cy'umutwaro udahinduka, kandi umunaniro uzabaho mu bice muri ubwo buryo.

5. Ubukomere bw'ingaruka

Umutwaro ukora ku gice cy'imashini ku muvuduko mwinshi cyane witwa umutwaro w'ingaruka, naho ubushobozi bw'icyuma bwo kwihanganira kwangirika mu gihe cy'ingaruka bwitwa gukomera kw'ingaruka.