Ibyuma byo kubaka amato muri rusange bivuga icyuma kigenewe inyubako z'ubwato, bivuga icyuma gikoreshwa mu gukora inyubako z'ubwato zikozwe hakurikijwe ibisabwa n'ibisabwa mu ishyirwa mu byiciro ry'ibikorwa by'ubwubatsi bya sosiyete. Akenshi bitumijwe, bigashyirwa ku murongo kandi bikagurishwa nk'icyuma cyihariye. Ubwato bumwe burimo ibyuma by'ubwato, ibyuma bifite ishusho, nibindi.
Kugeza ubu, amasosiyete menshi akomeye y’ibyuma mu gihugu cyanjye afite umusaruro, kandi ashobora gukora ibikoresho by’ibyuma byo mu mazi hakurikijwe ibyo umukoresha akeneye mu bihugu bitandukanye, nka Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Noruveje, Ubuyapani, Ubudage, Ubufaransa, n'ibindi. Ibisobanuro ni ibi bikurikira:
| Igihugu | Igisanzwe | Igihugu | Igisanzwe |
| Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika | ABS | Ubushinwa | CCS |
| Ubudage | GL | Noruveje | DNV |
| Ubufaransa | BV | Ubuyapani | KDK |
| UK | LR |
(1) Ibipimo by'ubwoko bw'ubwoko
Ibyuma by’ubwubatsi ku byuma by’ubwubatsi bigabanyijemo imbaraga bitewe n’umusaruro wabyo muto: icyuma cy’ubwubatsi gikomeye muri rusange n’icyuma cy’ubwubatsi gikomeye cyane.
Ibyuma by’ubukonje rusange byagaragajwe n’Umuryango w’Ubushinwa mu byiciro bigabanyijemo urwego rune rw’ubuziranenge: A, B, D, na E; icyuma cy’ubukonje gikomeye cyagaragajwe n’Umuryango w’Ubushinwa mu byiciro kigabanyijemo urwego rutatu rw’ubukonje n’urwego rune rw’ubuziranenge:
| A32 | A36 | A40 |
| D32 | D36 | D40 |
| E32 | E36 | E40 |
| F32 | F36 | F40 |
(2) Imiterere ya mekanike n'imiterere ya shimi
Imiterere ya mekanike n'imiterere ya shimi y'icyuma cy'ingufu rusange
| Ingano y'icyuma | Aho umusaruro ugarukiraσs (MPa) Min | Imbaraga zo Gufataσb(MPa) | Kurekuraσ%Iminota | 碳 C. | Mn | 硅 Si | 硫 S. | 磷 P. |
| A | 235 | 400-520 | 22 | ≤0.21 | ≥2.5 | ≤0.5 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 |
| B | ≤0.21 | ≥0.80 | ≤0.35 | |||||
| D | ≤0.21 | ≥0.60 | ≤0.35 | |||||
| E | ≤0.18 | ≥0.70 | ≤0.35 |
Imiterere ya mekanike n'imiterere ya shimi y'icyuma gikomeye cyane cyubatse ku ruhu
| Ingano y'icyuma | Aho umusaruro ugarukiraσs (MPa) Min | Imbaraga zo Gufataσb(MPa) | Kurekuraσ%Iminota | 碳 C. | Mn | 硅 Si | 硫 S. | 磷 P. |
| A32 | 315 | 440-570 | 22 | ≤0.18 | ≥0.9-1.60 | ≤0.50 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 |
| D32 | ||||||||
| E32 | ||||||||
| F32 | ≤0.16 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.025 | |||||
| A36 | 355 | 490-630 | 21 | ≤0.18 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | ||
| D36 | ||||||||
| E36 | ||||||||
| F36 | ≤0.16 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.025 | |||||
| A40 | 390 | 510-660 | 20 | ≤0.18 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | ||
| D40 | ||||||||
| E40 | ||||||||
| F40 | ≤0.16 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.025 |
(3) Amabwiriza yo kwirinda gutanga no kwakira ibikoresho by'icyuma cyo mu mazi:
1. Isuzuma ry'icyemezo cy'ubuziranenge:
Uruganda rw'ibyuma rugomba gutanga ibicuruzwa hakurikijwe ibisabwa n'umukoresha n'ibisobanuro byemejwe mu masezerano kandi rugatanga icyemezo cy'ubuziranenge bw'umwimerere. Icyemezo kigomba kuba kirimo ibi bikurikira:
(1) Ibisabwa ku buryo burambuye;
(2) Nimero y'ubuziranenge n'inomero y'icyemezo;
(3) Umubare w'itsinda ry'ibikoresho byo mu ifuru, urwego rwa tekiniki;
(4) Imiterere y'ibinyabutabire n'imiterere yabyo;
(5) Icyemezo cy'uko byemejwe n'ishyirahamwe rishinzwe gushyira mu byiciro hamwe n'umukono w'umugenzuzi.
2. Isuzuma ry'umubiri:
Ku bijyanye no gutanga icyuma cyo mu mazi, ikintu gifatika kigomba kuba gifite ikirango cy'uwagikoze, n'ibindi. By'umwihariko:
(1) Ikimenyetso cyemewe n'ishyirahamwe ryo gushyira mu byiciro;
(2) Koresha irangi kugira ngo ushyireho akamenyetso cyangwa ushyireho ikimenyetso, harimo ibipimo bya tekiniki nka: umubare w'ifuru, urwego rusanzwe, uburebure n'ubugari, nibindi;
(3) Isura iraryoshye kandi iraryoshye, nta nenge ifite.
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: Werurwe-16-2024
