Waba uzi annealing, kuzimya no kurakara?

Ku bijyanye no guta ibyuma birwanya ubushyuhe, tugomba kuvuga inganda zitunganya ubushyuhe; kubijyanye no kuvura ubushyuhe, tugomba kuvuga kubyerekeranye numuriro itatu winganda, annealing, kuzimya, nubushyuhe. None ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya batatu?

(Umwe). Ubwoko bwa annealing
1. Annealing yuzuye hamwe na isothermal annealing
Annealing yuzuye nayo yitwa recrystallization annealing, mubisanzwe byitwa annealing. Iyi annealing ikoreshwa cyane cyane muri casting, kwibagirwa no gushushanya bishyushye byerekana ibyuma bitandukanye bya karubone hamwe nibyuma bivangwa na hypoeutectoid, kandi rimwe na rimwe bikoreshwa muburyo bwo gusudira. Mubisanzwe bikoreshwa nkubushuhe bwa nyuma bwo kuvura bimwe mubikorwa bidafite akamaro, cyangwa nkubushuhe mbere yubushyuhe bwibikorwa bimwe.
2. spheroidizing annealing
Spheroidizing annealing ikoreshwa cyane cyane mubyuma bya hypereutectoid karubone nicyuma cyifashishwa (nkubwoko bwibyuma bikoreshwa mugukora ibikoresho byo gutema, ibikoresho byo gupima, hamwe nububiko). Intego yacyo nyamukuru ni ukugabanya ubukana, kunoza imashini, no kwitegura kuzimya nyuma.
3.Gushimangira annealing
Guhangayikishwa no guhagarika umutima byitwa nanone ubushyuhe buke (cyangwa ubushyuhe bwo hejuru). Ubu bwoko bwa annealing bukoreshwa cyane cyane mugukuraho imihangayiko isigaye muri casting, kwibagirwa, ibice byo gusudira, ibice bizunguruka bishyushye, ibice bikururwa n'imbeho, nibindi. Niba iyi mihangayiko idakuweho, bizatera ibice byibyuma guhinduka cyangwa gucika nyuma ya a igihe runaka cyangwa mugihe cyo gukata nyuma.

(Babiri). Kuzimya
Uburyo nyamukuru bukoreshwa mugutezimbere ubukana ni gushyushya, kubika ubushyuhe, no gukonja vuba. Ibitangazamakuru bikonjesha cyane ni brine, amazi namavuta. Igicapo cyazimye mumazi yumunyu biroroshye kubona ubukana bwinshi nubuso bworoshye, kandi ntibikunze kugaragara ahantu horoheje hatazimye, ariko biroroshye gutera ihinduka rikomeye ryakazi ndetse no guturika. Gukoresha amavuta nkibikoresho byo kuzimya birakwiriye gusa kuzimya ibyuma bimwe na bimwe bivanze cyangwa uduce duto duto twa karuboni ntoya aho guhagarara kwa austenite birenze urugero.

(Bitatu). Ubushyuhe
1. Kugabanya ubukana no gukuraho cyangwa kugabanya imihangayiko y'imbere. Nyuma yo kuzimya, ibice byibyuma bizagira imihangayiko yimbere imbere. Niba bidashyizwe mugihe, ibice byibyuma bizahinduka cyangwa bigacika.
2. Shakisha ibikoresho bya mehaniki bisabwa byakazi. Nyuma yo kuzimya, igihangano cyakazi gifite ubukana bwinshi nubugome bukabije. Kugirango wuzuze ibisabwa bitandukanye byimikorere yibikorwa bitandukanye, ubukana burashobora guhinduka binyuze mubushyuhe bukwiye, kugabanya ubukana no kubona ubukana bukenewe. Plastike.
3． Ingano yimirimo ihamye
4. Kubyuma bimwebimwe bivangavanze bigoye koroshya mugushira hamwe, ubushyuhe bwo hejuru burakoreshwa kenshi nyuma yo kuzimya (cyangwa bisanzwe) kugirango ukusanye neza karbide mubyuma kandi bigabanye ubukana kugirango byoroshye gukata.