1. Intambwe ya mbere: Gushonga
Aluminium ikorwa hakoreshejwe electrolysis mu nganda kandi imashini zishongesha aluminiyumu zikenera ingufu nyinshi kugira ngo zikore neza. Imashini zishongesha zikunze kuba hafi y’inganda zikomeye zitanga ingufu bitewe n’uko zikenera ingufu. Izamuka ry’ikiguzi cy’ingufu, cyangwa ingufu zisabwa kugira ngo aluminiyumu irusheho kuzamuka, byongera ikiguzi cya aluminiyumu. Byongeye kandi, aluminiyumu yashongeshejwe iratandukana ikajya mu gace ikusanyirizwamo. Ubu buryo bufite ingufu nyinshi zisabwa, ibyo bigira ingaruka no ku biciro by’isoko rya aluminiyumu.
2. Intambwe ya Kabiri: Gushyuha cyane
Gushyushya bishyushye ni bumwe mu buryo bukunze gukoreshwa cyane mu gucukura icyuma cya aluminiyumu. Mu gushyushya bishyushye, icyuma gishyushya hejuru y’aho gisubirwamo kugira ngo gihinduke kandi gikomeze kumera neza. Hanyuma, iki cyuma gica mu mwenda umwe cyangwa myinshi y’imizingo. Ibi bikorwa kugira ngo bigabanye ubunini, ubunini bube bumwe, kandi bigere ku bwiza bwifuzwa bwa mekanike. Umuzingo wa aluminiyumu ukorwa hakoreshejwe gutunganya urupapuro kuri dogere Fahrenheit 1700.
Ubu buryo bushobora gukora imiterere ifite ibipimo bya geometrike n'imiterere y'ibikoresho mu gihe bukomeza ingano y'icyuma ihoraho. Ibi bikorwa ni ingenzi mu gukora ibintu byarangiye neza n'ibyarangiye, nk'amasahani n'amashuka. Ariko, ibicuruzwa byarangiye biratandukanye n'imigozi ikonje, izasobanurwa hano hepfo, kuko bifite ubugari buke bungana kubera imyanda mito iri hejuru.
3. Intambwe ya Gatatu: Gutembagara mu buryo bukonje
Gutembagura ibyuma mu buryo bukonje ni agace kadasanzwe mu rwego rw'ubukorikori bw'ibyuma. Uburyo bwo "gutembagura mu buryo bukonje" burimo gushyira aluminiyumu mu byuma bito ku bushyuhe buri munsi y'ubushyuhe bwabyo bwo kongera gukonja. Gukamura no gukanda icyuma byongera imbaraga n'ubukana bwacyo. Gutembagura mu buryo bukonje bibaho ku bushyuhe butuma ibintu bikomera (ubushyuhe buri munsi y'ubushyuhe bwa recrystallization y'ibikoresho), naho gutembagura mu buryo bushyushye bibaho hejuru y'ubushyuhe butuma ibintu bikomera - iri ni ryo tandukaniro riri hagati yo gutembagura mu buryo bushyushye no gutembagura mu buryo bukonje.
Inganda nyinshi zikoresha uburyo bwo gutunganya ibyuma buzwi nka cold rolling kugira ngo zikore strip na sheet metal hamwe n'igipimo cya nyuma cyifuzwa. Imizingo ikunze gushyushywa kugira ngo ifashe aluminiyumu gukora neza, kandi amavuta akoreshwa mu gukumira strip ya aluminiyumu gufata ku mizingo. Kugira ngo ikore neza, ingendo z'imizingo n'ubushyuhe birashobora guhindurwa. Umuzingo wa aluminiyumu, umaze gushyuha, hamwe n'izindi nzira, harimo no gusukura no gutunganya, ukonjeshwa kugeza ku bushyuhe bw'icyumba mbere yo gushyirwa mu muyoboro w'icyuma gikonjesha mu nganda za aluminiyumu. Aluminium isukurwa ikoresheje isabune kandi ubu buryo butuma uruziga rwa aluminiyumu rukomera bihagije kugira ngo rushobore kwihanganira gukonjesha.
Nyuma y’uko izi ntambwe zo kwitegura zimaze gukemurwa, imirongo inyura mu byuma bizunguruka buhoro buhoro, bigatakaza ubugari buhoro buhoro. Imiterere y’icyuma irahungabana kandi igahagarara mu gihe cyose cy’igikorwa, bigatuma irushaho gukomera kandi ikomeye. Guzunguruka mu buryo bukonje ni bumwe mu buryo buzwi cyane bwo gukomera kwa aluminiyumu kuko bigabanya ubunini bwa aluminiyumu iyo ishenjaguwe kandi inyuzwa mu byuma bizunguruka. Uburyo bwo guzunguruka mu buryo bukonje bushobora kugabanya ubunini bwa aluminiyumu kugeza kuri mm 0.15.
4. Intambwe ya kane: Guteranya
Uburyo bwo gukurura ni uburyo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe bukoreshwa cyane cyane kugira ngo ibikoresho birusheho gukururwa kandi bitagorana. Kugabanuka kw'ihindagurika ry'imiterere y'icyuma gikururwa bituma ubukana n'ubushobozi bworoshye bihinduka. Kugira ngo hirindwe ko ibintu bicika intege cyangwa kugira ngo ibikoresho birusheho gukora neza nyuma y'ibikorwa, gukurura akenshi bikorwa nyuma y'uko ibikoresho bikomereye cyangwa bikonje.
Mu gusubiza neza imiterere y'ibinyampeke bya kristu, gukurura ibyuma bigarura imiterere y'ibinyampeke kandi bigatuma igice gikomeza kumera neza nta mbaraga nyinshi. Ifu ya aluminiyumu ikonje ikoreshwa igomba gushyushywa ku bushyuhe buri hagati ya 570°F na 770°F mu gihe runaka, kuva ku minota mirongo itatu kugeza ku masaha atatu. Ingano y'igice gikururwa n'ifu yacyo bigena ubushyuhe n'igihe gisabwa, uko bikurikirana.
Annealing kandi igabanya ingano y'igice, igakuraho ibibazo biterwa n'imitsi yo mu nda, kandi ikagabanya imihangayiko y'imbere ishobora kuvuka, mu buryo bumwe, mu gihe cy'ibikorwa nko gucura cyangwa gutwika. Byongeye kandi, aluminiyumu idafite ubushyuhe ishobora kuvurwa neza. Kubwibyo, ikunze gukoreshwa ku bice bya aluminiyumu byashongeshejwe, byashongeshejwe, cyangwa byashongeshejwe.
Ubushobozi bw'ikintu bwo kurema burushaho kwiyongera no gupfunyika. Gukanda cyangwa gupfunyika ibikoresho bikomeye kandi bitoroshye bishobora kugorana bitagize ingaruka ku gucika. Gupfunyika bifasha mu gukuraho iyi ngaruka. Byongeye kandi, gupfunyika bishobora kongera ubushobozi bwo gukora. Ubugoryi bukabije bw'ikintu bushobora gutuma ibikoresho byangirika cyane. Binyuze mu gupfunyika, ubukana bw'ikintu bushobora kugabanuka, ibi bikaba byagabanya ubusaza bw'igikoresho. Ubugoryi ubwo aribwo bwose busigaye bukurwaho no gupfunyika. Akenshi ni byiza kugabanya ubugoryi busigaye aho bishoboka hose kuko bushobora gutera imivuniko n'ibindi bibazo bya mekanike.
5. Intambwe ya Gatanu: Gukata no Gukata
Ingufu za aluminiyumu zishobora gukorwa mu muzinga umwe muremure cyane uhoraho. Ariko, kugira ngo ingufu zifatanye mu mizinga mito, zigomba gucibwamo ibice. Kugira ngo uyu murimo ukore, imizinga ya aluminiyumu inyura mu bikoresho byo gukata aho ibyuma bityaye cyane bigabanya neza. Hakenewe imbaraga nyinshi kugira ngo iki gikorwa kikorwe. Ingufu zigabanya umuzinga mo ibice bito iyo imbaraga zikoreshejwe zirenze imbaraga za aluminiyumu zo gukurura.
Kugira ngo hatangire igikorwa cyo gukata, aluminiyumu ishyirwa mu cyuma gikuraho uduce duto. Nyuma, inyuzwa mu cyuma gizunguruka. Ibyuma bishyirwa ahantu kugira ngo haboneke impande nziza z'urusobe, ukurikije ubugari n'aho biherereye. Kugira ngo ibikoresho by'urusobe bijye kuri recoiler, ibikoresho binyuzwa mu byuma bitandukanya. Hanyuma aluminiyumu ihambirwa mu cyuma gitegura koherezwa.
Jindalai Steel Group ni ikigo gikomeye cya Aluminium kikaba n'umucuruzi w'ibikoresho bya aluminiyumu, ibishushanyo/urupapuro/isahani/umurongo/umuyoboro/urupapuro. Dufite abakiriya baturutse muri Filipine, Thane, Megizike, Turukiya, Pakisitani, Omani, Isiraheli, Misiri, Abarabu, Viyetinamu, Miyanimari, Ubuhinde n'ahandi. Ohereza ikibazo cyawe maze tuzishimira kugisha inama ku buryo bw'umwuga.
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-19-2022
