Kuva mubihimbano kugeza kumurongo, ibintu byinshi bigira ingaruka kubiranga ibicuruzwa bitagira umwanda. Kimwe mubyingenzi byingenzi ni icyiciro cyicyuma cyo gukoresha. Ibi bizagaragaza urutonde rwibintu biranga, hanyuma, ikiguzi nigihe cyo kubaho cyibicuruzwa byawe bitagira umwanda.
Nigute ushobora kumenya aho uhera?
Mugihe buri porogaramu idasanzwe, ibi bibazo 7 byerekana ibitekerezo byingenzi bigufasha kugabanya amahitamo yawe no kubona amanota akwiranye nibyo ukeneye cyangwa gusaba.
1. NUBWOKO BWO KWANYA BUKENEYE?
Iyo utekereje kubyuma bidafite umwanda, ibintu byambere biza mubitekerezo birashoboka ko birwanya aside na chloride - nkibiboneka mubikorwa byinganda cyangwa ibidukikije byo mu nyanja. Nyamara, kurwanya ubushyuhe ni ikintu cyingenzi nanone.
Niba ukeneye kurwanya ruswa, uzashaka kwirinda ibyuma bya ferritic na martensitike. Icyiciro cyiza cyicyuma cyiza kubidukikije byangirika harimo austenitike cyangwa duplex ivanze nkicyiciro cya 304, 304L, 316, 316L, 2205, na 904L.
Kubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwibidukikije, amanota ya austenitis akenshi ni meza. Kubona urwego rufite chromium nyinshi, silikoni, azote, nibintu bidasanzwe byubutaka bizahindura ubushobozi bwicyuma cyo guhangana nubushyuhe bwinshi. Amanota asanzwe kubushyuhe bwo hejuru burimo 310, S30815, na 446.
Ibyiciro bya Austenitike nabyo nibyiza kubushyuhe buke cyangwa ibidukikije. Kubyongeyeho imbaraga zo kurwanya, urashobora kureba karubone nkeya cyangwa azote nyinshi. Amanota asanzwe kubushyuhe buke burimo 304, 304LN, 310, 316, na 904L.
2. EREGA URUKOKO RWANJYE RUKENEWE KUBONA?
Icyuma gifite imiterere idahwitse kizacika intege iyo gikora cyane kandi gitanga imikorere mike. Mubihe byinshi, ibyuma bya martensitike ntibisabwa. Byongeye kandi, ibyuma bifite ubushobozi buke ntibishobora gufata imiterere yabyo mugihe bikenewe.
Mugihe uhisemo icyiciro cyicyuma, uzakenera gusuzuma ifishi wifuza ko yatanzwe. Niba ushaka inkoni, ibisate, utubari cyangwa impapuro bizagabanya amahitamo yawe. Kurugero, ibyuma bya ferritic bikunze kugurishwa mumpapuro, ibyuma bya martensitike bigurishwa mubari cyangwa ibisate, kandi ibyuma bya austentic biraboneka muburyo bwagutse. Ibindi byiciro byibyuma biboneka muburyo butandukanye harimo 304, 316, 430, 2205, na 3CR12.
3. EREGA RYANJYE RIZASABIRA GUKORA?
Imashini ntabwo ari ikibazo. Ariko, gukomera kumurimo birashobora gutanga ibisubizo bitateganijwe. Kwiyongera kwa sulferi birashobora kunoza imashini ariko bigabanya guhinduka, gusudira no kurwanya ruswa.
Ibi bituma gushakisha uburinganire hagati yimashini no kurwanya ruswa bitekerezwaho cyane kubikorwa byinshi byo guhimba ibyuma. Ukurikije ibyo ukeneye, amanota 303, 416, 430, na 3CR12 atanga impirimbanyi nziza kuva aho igana inzira igana kure.
4. NAKENEYE GUKURIKIRA URUBUGA RWANJYE?
Gusudira ibyuma bidafite ingese birashobora gukurura ibibazo - harimo guturika gushyushye, guturika kwangirika, no kwangirika hagati yimiterere - bitewe nurwego rwibyuma byakoreshejwe. Niba uteganya gusudira ibyuma byawe bitagira umwanda, ibinyobwa bya austenitis nibyiza.
Urwego rwa karubone nkeya rushobora kurushaho gufasha gusudira mugihe inyongeramusaruro, nka niobium, zishobora guhagarika amavuta kugirango birinde impungenge. Ibyiciro bizwi byibyuma bidafite ingese zo gusudira birimo 304L, 316, 347, 430, 439 na 3CR12.
5. BIKENEWE KUBUVUZA BUSHYUSHYE?
Niba gusaba kwawe bisaba kuvura ubushyuhe, ugomba gusuzuma uburyo ibyiciro bitandukanye byibyuma bisubiza. Ibintu byanyuma biranga ibyuma bimwe biratandukanye cyane mbere na nyuma yo kuvura ubushyuhe.
Mubihe byinshi, martensitike nubushyuhe bikomera ibyuma, nka 440C cyangwa 17-4 PH, bitanga imikorere myiza mugihe ubushyuhe buvuwe. Ibyuma byinshi bya austenitis na ferritic bidafite ibyuma ntibishobora gukomera iyo ubushyuhe bumaze kuvurwa bityo ntabwo aribwo buryo bwiza.
6. NIKI GIKOMBE CY'ICYUMWERU CYIZA KUBISABWA?
Imbaraga zicyuma nikintu cyingenzi tugomba gusuzuma kugirango umutekano urusheho kwiyongera. Nyamara, indishyi zirenze urugero zishobora kuganisha ku giciro kidakenewe, uburemere, nibindi bintu bisesagura. Imbaraga ziranga zishyirwaho numuryango wibyuma hamwe nibindi bitandukanye biboneka mubyiciro bitandukanye.
7.
Ibitekerezo byabanjirije byose bihura nikibazo cyingenzi muguhitamo icyiciro cyicyuma - ikiguzi cyubuzima. Guhuza amanota yicyuma amanota kubidukikije bigenewe, imikoreshereze nibisabwa, urashobora kwemeza imikorere irambye nagaciro kadasanzwe.
Witondere gusesengura uburyo ibyuma bizakora mugihe cyagenwe cyo gukoresha nigiciro gishobora kugira uruhare mukubungabunga cyangwa gusimburwa mbere yo gufata icyemezo. Kugabanya ibiciro imbere bishobora kuvamo amafaranga menshi mubuzima bwumushinga wawe, ibicuruzwa, imiterere, cyangwa izindi porogaramu.
Hamwe numubare munini wibyuma bitagira ibyuma hamwe nimpapuro ziraboneka, kugira umuhanga wogufasha kwerekana amahitamo nibishobora kugwa ninzira nziza yo kwemeza ko ubona agaciro keza kubushoramari bwibyuma. Nkumuyobozi wambere utanga ibyuma bitagira umwanda mumyaka irenga 20, Jindalai Steel Group izakoresha uburambe kugirango igufashe kukuyobora muburyo bwo kugura. Reba urutonde runini rwibicuruzwa bitagira umwanda kumurongo cyangwa guhamagara kugirango uganire kubyo ukeneye hamwe numunyamuryango wikipe yacu.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-19-2022