Menya Imiterere n'Imikoreshereze y'Ibyuma by'Umuringa

Jindalai (Shandong) Steel Group Co., Ltd. itanga ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibicuruzwa by'umuringa mu bunini no mu bwinshi kugira ngo ihuze n'ibyo umushinga uwo ari wo wose ukeneye.
1. Imitungo
● Ubwoko bw'Aloyi: Inyabubiri
● Ibikubiye muri: Umuringa na Zinc
● Ubucucike: 8.3-8.7 g/cm3
● Aho gushonga: 1652-1724 °F (900-940 °C)
● Ubukomere bwa Moh: 3-4

2. Ibiranga
Imiterere nyayo y'umuringa itandukanye iterwa n'imiterere y'umuringa, cyane cyane ikigereranyo cy'umuringa na zinki. Muri rusange, umuringa wose uhabwa agaciro bitewe n'ubushobozi bwawo cyangwa uburyo bworoshye bwo kuwuremamo imiterere n'imiterere wifuza mu gihe ugumana imbaraga nyinshi.

Nubwo hari itandukaniro hagati y’umuringa ufite zinc nyinshi n’izikiri nkeya, umuringa wose ufatwa nk’ushobora gukoreshwa mu gushonga no mu gushonga (zinc nkeya cyane). Bitewe n’aho ushongesha, umuringa nawo ushobora gukoreshwa mu gushonga byoroshye. Ariko, ku bijyanye no gushonga, zinc nyinshi akenshi ni yo ikundwa.

Imiringa ifite zinc nkeya ishobora gukoreshwa mu buryo bworoshye mu bukonje, gusudira no gushonga. Imiringa ifite umuringa mwinshi kandi ituma icyuma gikora urwego rwa okiside (patina) ku buso bwacyo rurinda ingese, ikaba ari imitungo y'agaciro mu bikorwa bituma icyuma kigwa mu bushuhe no mu kirere.

Icyuma gifite ubushyuhe bwiza n'ubushobozi bwo gutwara amashanyarazi (ubushobozi bwacyo bw'amashanyarazi bushobora kuva kuri 23% kugeza kuri 44% by'umuringa w'umwimerere), kandi ntigishobora kwangirika cyangwa gushya. Kimwe n'umuringa, ubushobozi bwacyo bwo kurwanya bagiteri bwatumye gikoreshwa mu bwiherero no mu bigo nderabuzima.

Umuringa ufatwa nk'ikintu kidakomeye kandi kidakoresha ingufu za rukuruzi, mu gihe imiterere yawo y'ijwi yatumye ukoreshwa mu bikoresho byinshi bya muzika bya 'band' y'umuringa. Abahanzi n'abubatsi baha agaciro imiterere y'ubwiza bw'icyuma, kuko gishobora gukorwa mu mabara atandukanye, kuva ku ibara ry'umutuku wijimye kugeza ku ibara ry'umuhondo wa zahabu.

3. Porogaramu
Imiterere y'agaciro k'umuringa n'uburyo bworoshye bwo kuwukora byatumye uba umwe mu miterere ikoreshwa cyane. Gukusanya urutonde rwuzuye rw'ikoreshwa ry'umuringa byaba ari akazi katoroshye, ariko kugira ngo tumenye inganda n'ubwoko bw'ibicuruzwa umuringa ubonekamo, dushobora gushyira mu byiciro no muri make ikoreshwa ryabyo hashingiwe ku rwego rw'umuringa ukoreshwa:
● Umuringa wo gukata ku buntu (urugero: C38500 cyangwa 60/40 umuringa):
● Imbuto, imigozi, ibice bifite imigozi
● Ibikoresho bya Terminali
● Jets
● Gukomanga
● Inshinge

4. Amateka
Ibyuma bikozwe mu muringa na zinc byakozwe mu kinyejana cya 5 mbere ya Yesu mu Bushinwa, kandi byakoreshejwe cyane muri Aziya yo hagati mu kinyejana cya 2 n'icya 3 mbere ya Yesu. Ibi bice by'icyuma bishushanya, ariko, bishobora kwitwa 'ibyuma karemano,' kuko nta gihamya kigaragaza ko ababikoze bavangaga umuringa na zinc. Ahubwo, birashoboka ko ibyuma bikozwe mu muringa ukungahaye kuri zinc, bigatanga ibyuma bisa n'umuringa.

Inyandiko z'Abagereki n'Abaroma zigaragaza ko gukora ku bushake ibishushanyo mbonera bisa n'umuringa wo muri iki gihe, hakoreshejwe umuringa n'amabuye akungahaye kuri zinc oxide azwi nka calamine, byabaye ahagana mu kinyejana cya 1 Mbere ya Yesu. Umuringa wa Calamine wakozwe hakoreshejwe sima, aho umuringa washongeshwaga mu cyuma gishongeshejwe n'amabuye y'agaciro ya smithsonite (cyangwa calamine).

Mu bushyuhe bwinshi, zinc iri muri ayo mabuye ihinduka umwuka hanyuma ikaza mu muringa, bityo igakora umuringa mwiza ufite 17-30% bya zinc. Ubu buryo bwo gukora umuringa bwakoreshejwe mu myaka hafi 2000 kugeza mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 19. Nyuma gato y'uko Abaroma bavumbuye uburyo bwo gukora umuringa, umuringa wakoreshejwe mu gucukura ibiceri mu turere twa Turukiya y'ubu. Ibi byahise bikwirakwira mu Bwami bw'Abaroma.

5. Ubwoko
'Umuringa' ni ijambo rusange ryerekeza ku bwoko bwinshi bw'umuringa na zinc alloys. Mu by'ukuri, hari ubwoko butandukanye burenga 60 bw'umuringa bugenwa n'amahame ya EN (European Norm). Izi alloys zishobora kugira ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibice bitewe n'imiterere ikenewe mu ikoreshwa runaka.

6. Umusaruro
Umuringa ukunze gukorwa mu bisigazwa by'umuringa n'ibisigazwa bya zinc. Umuringa usanzwe utoranywa hashingiwe ku mwanda wawo, kuko hari ibindi bintu byiyongeraho bikenewe kugira ngo haboneke urwego nyarwo rw'umuringa ukenewe.
Kubera ko zinc itangira kubira no guhinduka umwuka ku bushyuhe bwa 907°C, munsi y’aho umuringa ushongesha 1981°F (1083°C), umuringa ugomba kubanza gushonga. Iyo zinc imaze gushonga, yongerwa ku gipimo gikwiranye n’urwego rw’umuringa ukorwa. Nubwo hari igihe hagitangwa uburyo bwo kubura zinc mu gihe ihinduka umwuka.

Muri iki gihe, ibindi byuma by'inyongera, nka lisansi, aluminiyumu, silikoni cyangwa arseniki, byongerwa mu mvange kugira ngo hakorwe icyuma cyifuzwa. Iyo icyuma gishongeshejwe kimaze gutegurwa, gisukwa mu byuma aho gikomera kikavamo uduce duto cyangwa uduce duto. Ibice - akenshi by'umuringa wa alpha-beta - bishobora gutunganywa mu buryo butaziguye mu nsinga, imiyoboro, n'imiyoboro binyuze mu gusohora umuriro ushyushye, ibyo bikaba bisaba gusunika icyuma gishyushye binyuze mu cyuma, cyangwa gucura gishyushye.

Iyo bitavanyweho cyangwa ngo bicurwe, ibisate by'icyuma bishyushya binyujijwe mu byuma bizunguruka (uburyo buzwi nka hot rolling). Umusaruro uba uduce dufite ubugari buri munsi ya santimetero 13 (<13mm). Nyuma yo gukonjesha, umuringa unyuzwa mu mashini isya, cyangwa scalper, ikata urwego rworoshye rw'icyuma kugira ngo ikurweho inenge zo gucukura hejuru na okiside.

Munsi y'ikirere cy'umwuka kugira ngo hirindwe ko ogisijeni ikwirakwira, icyo gikoresho gishyushya kikaza no kuzunguruka, igikorwa kizwi nka annealing mbere yo kongera kuzunguruka ku bushyuhe bukonje (cold rolling) kugeza ku mpapuro zifite ubugari bwa 0.1" (2.5mm). Uburyo bwo kuzunguruka bukonje buhindura imiterere y'imbere y'umuringa, bigatuma icyuma gikomeye kandi gikomeye. Iyi ntambwe ishobora gusubirwamo kugeza igihe ubunini cyangwa ubukana byifuzwa bigerwaho.

Amaherezo, impapuro zirakatwa kandi zigakatwa kugira ngo haboneke ubugari n'uburebure bikenewe. Impapuro zose, ibikoresho by'umuringa byakozwe mu cyuma, byakozwe mu cyuma gikozwe mu cyuma gikozwe mu cyuma gikozwe mu cyuma gikozwe muri aside hydrochloric na sulfuric, kugira ngo zikurweho icyuma cy'umukara cya okiside y'umuringa n'ibara ry'umukara.

Impapuro z'umuringa zo muri Jindalai zifite ubugari kuva kuri mm 0.05 kugeza kuri mm 50, kandi zifite ubugari bunini, igice gikomeye, igice gikomeye, n'ubugari bunini. Hari n'izindi temperature na alloys. Ohereza ikibazo cyawe maze tuzishimira kugisha inama ku buryo bw'umwuga.

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