Gukora imiyoboro yicyuma byatangiye mu ntangiriro ya 1800.Mu ikubitiro, umuyoboro wakozwe n'intoki - mu gushyushya, kunama, gukubita, no ku nyundo hamwe.Uburyo bwa mbere bwo gukora imiyoboro yabugenewe yatangijwe mu 1812 mu Bwongereza.Ibikorwa byo gukora byakomeje gutera imbere kuva icyo gihe.Ubuhanga bukunzwe bwo gukora imiyoboro isobanurwa hepfo.
Kuzunguruka
Gukoresha gusudira lap mu gukora imiyoboro yatangijwe mu ntangiriro ya za 1920.Nubwo uburyo butagikoreshwa, umuyoboro umwe wakozwe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gusudira lap uracyakoreshwa nubu.
Muburyo bwo gusudira lap, ibyuma byashyutswe mu itanura hanyuma bizunguruka mu buryo bwa silinderi.Impande z'icyuma cyahise "zambara".Igitambara gikubiyemo gutwikira impande zimbere zicyuma, hamwe nu mpande zegeranye zisahani.Ikidodo cyahise gisudwa hifashishijwe umupira wo gusudira, hanyuma umuyoboro ushyushye unyuzwa hagati yimizingo ihatira icyarimwe gushiraho ubumwe.
Gusudira byakozwe na lap welding ntabwo byizewe nkibyakozwe hakoreshejwe uburyo bugezweho.Sosiyete y'Abanyamerika y'Abashinzwe Imashini (ASME) yashyizeho ikigereranyo cyo kubara igitutu cyemewe cyo gukora cy'umuyoboro, hashingiwe ku bwoko bw'imikorere.Iri gereranya ririmo impinduka izwi nka "fonctionnement", ishingiye ku bwoko bwa weld ikoreshwa mu gukora ikidodo cy'umuyoboro.Imiyoboro idafite uburinganire ifite ikintu cya 1.0 Umuyoboro usudira ufite icyuma cya 0.6.
Umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi wasuditswe
Umuyoboro urwanya amashanyarazi wasuditswe (ERW) ukorwa no gukonjesha urupapuro rwicyuma muburyo bwa silindrike.Umuyoboro uhita unyuzwa hagati yimpande zombi zicyuma kugirango ushushe ibyuma kugeza aho impande zihatirwa hamwe kugirango zibe umurunga udakoresheje ibikoresho byo gusudira.Ku ikubitiro ubu buryo bwo gukora bwakoresheje amashanyarazi make ya AC kugirango ashyushya impande.Ubu buryo buke bwakoreshejwe kuva mu myaka ya za 1920 kugeza mu 1970. Mu 1970, inzira yo hasi yasimbujwe inzira nini ya ERW itanga umusaruro wo gusudira neza.
Nyuma yigihe, gusudira kwumuyoboro muke wa ERW wasangaga byoroshye kwanduzwa no guhitamo kwangirika, kumeneka, no guhuza bidahagije, bityo ERW yumurongo muke ntigikoreshwa mugukora imiyoboro.Inzira ndende iracyakoreshwa mugukora imiyoboro yo gukoresha mu kubaka imiyoboro mishya.
Umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi Weld
Umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi flash weld wakozwe guhera mu 1927. Gusudira kwa Flash byakozwe mugukora urupapuro rwicyuma muburyo bwa silindrike.Impande zashyutswe kugeza zishongeshejwe, hanyuma zihatirwa hamwe kugeza ibyuma bishongeshejwe bivuye mu gihimba maze bikora isaro.Kimwe n'umuyoboro muke wa ERW, imiyoboro ya flash yasuditswe irashobora kwangirika no gucika, ariko ku rugero ruto ugereranije n'umuyoboro wa ERW.Ubu bwoko bwumuyoboro nabwo burashobora kunanirwa kubera ibibanza bikomeye mubyuma.Kubera ko umuyoboro munini wa flash weld wakozwe nuwabikoze umwe, byemezwa ko utu turere twinshi twatewe no kuzimya impanuka kubwimpanuka mugihe cyinganda zikoreshwa n’uruganda runaka.Gusudira kwa Flash ntibikoreshwa mugukora imiyoboro.
Inshuro ebyiri zashizwemo Arc Welded (DSAW) Umuyoboro
Kimwe nubundi buryo bwo gukora imiyoboro, gukora Double Submerged Arc Welded Pipe ikubiyemo kubanza gukora ibyuma mubyuma bya silindrike.Impande z'isahani yazengurutswe zakozwe ku buryo ibishishwa bimeze nka V bikozwe ku gice cy'imbere ndetse no hanze yacyo aho ikidodo giherereye.Umuyoboro wumuyoboro noneho usudwa ninzira imwe yo gusudira arc kumbere no hanze yinyuma (niyo mpamvu yarengewe kabiri).Arc yo gusudira irengerwa na flux.
Ibyiza byiki gikorwa nuko gusudira byinjira 100% kurukuta rwumuyoboro kandi bigatanga umurongo ukomeye cyane wibikoresho.
Umuyoboro utagira ikizinga
Umuyoboro utagira ingano wakozwe kuva mu myaka ya 1800.Mugihe inzira yagiye ihinduka, ibintu bimwe byakomeje kuba bimwe.Umuyoboro udafite ubudodo ukorwa no gutobora icyuma gishyushye hamwe na mandel.Icyuma gifunitse kirenze kuzunguruka no kuramburwa kugirango ugere ku burebure na diameter.Inyungu nyamukuru yumuyoboro udafite kashe ni ugukuraho inenge zifitanye isano;ariko, ikiguzi cyo gukora ni kinini.
Umuyoboro wambere utagira ikizinga washoboraga guhura nudusembwa twatewe numwanda mubyuma.Mugihe tekinike yo gukora ibyuma yateye imbere, izo nenge zaragabanutse, ariko ntabwo zavanyweho burundu.Mugihe bisa nkaho umuyoboro udafite icyerekezo wahitamo gukora, umuyoboro usudutse, ubushobozi bwo kunoza imiterere yifuzwa ni buke.Kubera iyo mpamvu, umuyoboro udafite uburinganire uraboneka mubyiciro byo hasi hamwe nubunini bwurukuta kuruta umuyoboro wasudutse.
Itsinda rya Jindalai Steel Group rifite ubuhanga bwo gukora imiyoboro ihanitse ya ERW (Electric Resistance Welded) na SSAW (Spiral Submerged Arc welded).Isosiyete yacu yateje imbere φ610 mm yumurongo wo hejuru wogukora imashini yo gusudira, hamwe na 3048mm ya spiral yarohamye arc weld.Nk, usibye inganda za ERW na SSAW, dufite izindi nganda eshatu zijyanye no gukora LSAW na SMLS mubushinwa.
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-19-2022