Intangiriro y'ibicuruzwa by'urupapuro rw'icyuma kitagira umuze

Amabati y'icyuma kidashonga afite ubuso bworoshye, afite pulasitiki nyinshi, akomeye, kandi afite imbaraga za mekanike, kandi arwanya ingese zituruka ku myuka ikomoka kuri aside na alkaline, ibisubizo, n'ibindi bikoresho. Ni icyuma cya alloy kidashonga ingese byoroshye, ariko ntikirwanya ingese rwose. Amabati y'icyuma kidashonga yerekeye amabati y'icyuma arwanya ingese zituruka ku bikoresho bidakomeye nk'ikirere, umwuka n'amazi, mu gihe amabati y'icyuma arwanya aside avuga amabati y'icyuma arwanya ingese zituruka ku bikoresho byangiza nka aside, alkali n'umunyu.

Impapuro z'icyuma kidashonga ziza mu byiciro bitandukanye, hamwe n'ibikoresho by'ingenzi cyane mu bucuruzi birimo austenitic, ferritic, duplex, na martensitic. Buri bwoko bufite imiterere yihariye ya mekanike kandi burwanya ingese, bigatuma ikoreshwa mu buryo bwihariye.

Icyuma gikozwe muri Austenitic Stainless Steel (Urutonde rwa 300)

304/304L: Icyuma gikoreshwa muri rusange. Gifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingese, ubushobozi bwo gukora neza, kandi gishobora gusudira.

316/316L: Iyo wongeyeho molybdenum 2-3%, ifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya chloride (amazi yo mu nyanja, umunyu wo gukuramo ibara ry'umukara).

321: Iyo hongewemo titaniyumu zituza, bikumira ubukana mu gihe cyo gusudira. 

310S: Ubushyuhe bwinshi (kugeza kuri 1100°C), bukwiriye ibikoresho by'itanura. 

Ibyuma bita ferritic Stainless Steel (400 series, urugero, 430, 409, 439) Impapuro za ferritic stainless steel zirimo 10.5%–27% chromium, karuboni nke cyane (<0.1%), kandi nikeli nke cyane cyangwa ntayo. Zirakora rukuruzi kandi zirwanya kwangirika kw'ingufu, ariko ubushobozi bwazo n'ubukomere bwazo ni bike ugereranije n'ibyuma bita ferritic stainless steel. Ntibishobora gukomezwa no gushyushya. Ikoreshwa risanzwe: sisitemu zo gusohora imyuka mu modoka, panels z'inyubako, n'ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi byo imbere mu nzu. Mu bidukikije byoroheje, grade 430 ni ubundi buryo buhendutse busanzwe bukoreshwa kuruta grade 304. 

Ibyuma Bitambitse Bibiri (urugero, 2205, 2507) Ibyuma bitambitse Bibiri bifite imiterere mito igizwe n'uruvange rw'ibikoresho bya austenitic na ferritic (hafi 50/50). Bitewe n'uko bifite chromium nyinshi (21-26%), nikeli iringaniye (4-7%), na molybdenum (0-4%), 2205 ifite imbaraga zidasanzwe zo gutanga umusaruro inshuro ebyiri ugereranyije n'iz'icyuma bitambitse bya austenitic, mu gihe ikomeza kurwanya cyane kwangirika kwa chloride. Ibyuma bitambitse bya 2205 bikoreshwa cyane mu byuma bitwara imiti, mu mazi yo mu nyanja, no mu byuma bigabanya umunyu. Imbaraga zayo nyinshi zemerera ikoreshwa ry'impapuro ntoya, bityo bikagabanya uburemere n'ikiguzi.

Icyuma cya Martensitic stainless (urugero, 410, 420) kirimo chromium 11-17% n'umubare munini wa karuboni (0.1-1.2%), bityo bigatuma gikomera binyuze mu kuvura ubushyuhe. Ni magnetic, ni ikomeye, kandi ntishobora kwangirika, ariko ubushobozi bwabyo bwo kurwanya ingese buri hasi ugereranyije n'ubw'icyuma cya austenitic cyangwa duplex stainless.

Itandukaniro rikomeye riri hagati y’amasahani 304 na 316 y’ibyuma bidashonga: 304 y’ibyuma bidashonga, duhura nayo kenshi buri munsi, ni urugero rw’ibyuma bidashonga byo mu rwego rwo hejuru kandi ni umwami w’uburyo bwo gukoresha neza ibikoresho byo mu rugo. Ifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingese, gukumira ingese, no kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi. Ku bikombe bishyushya, ibikoresho byo ku meza, aho gusinzira mu gikoni, ibikoresho byo gutunganya ibiribwa, n’ibikoresho byo mu bwiherero, 304 ni amahitamo meza cyane. Ni nziza, ntigira uburozi, kandi ntirwanya ingese ku ikoreshwa rya buri munsi, ikwiriye ahantu henshi ho mu rugo, kandi iramba cyane.

Ku rundi ruhande, icyuma cya 316 kidashonga, ni ibikoresho byo mu rwego rw'ubuvuzi/iby'inganda. Yongera molybdenum kuri 304, yongera cyane ubushobozi bwayo bwo kurwanya ingese, kurwanya aside na alkali, kandi bigatuma irushaho kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi n'ingese yo mu mazi yo mu nyanja. Ikoreshwa cyane mu bikoresho byo mu gikoni byo mu rwego rwo hejuru, ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi, imiyoboro y'imiti, no mu nyubako zo hanze z'inyanja. Nubwo atari ngombwa mu ikoreshwa rya buri munsi mu ngo, 316 ni igisubizo cyiza ku bikoresho bisaba kurwanya ingese nyinshi.

Irindi tandukaniro rikomeye riri mu giciro; bitewe n’uko icyuma cya 316 kigizwe n’ibice byinshi bya nikeli na molibdenum, ubusanzwe icyuma cya 316 kihenze kurusha icyuma cya 304. Kubwibyo, guhitamo hagati y’ibi byuma bibiri akenshi biterwa n’ibisabwa byihariye, harimo ingengo y’imari iciriritse n’ibintu bifitanye isano n’ibidukikije.

Ibyuma bitanduye ni ibikoresho by’ubuhanga bikoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye cyane, cyane cyane urwego rwa 304 na 316, bigira uruhare runini mu nganda zitandukanye bitewe n’imiterere yabyo yihariye n’ikoreshwa ryabyo. Haba mu nganda zitunganya ibiribwa, ubwubatsi, imodoka, ubuvuzi, imiti, cyangwa ingufu, amabati ya icyuma atanduye yahoraga ari amahitamo yizewe ku bahanga n’abakora. Uko inganda zikomeza gutera imbere kandi icyifuzo cy’ibikoresho biramba kandi birwanya ingese kigakomeza kwiyongera, akamaro k’amabati ya icyuma kitanduye kazakomeza kwiyongera.

Niba ukeneye kugura ibikoresho by'icyuma kidashonga, kanda kugira ngo uduhamagare kugira ngo tugufashe kugisha inama. Jindalai Steel Group Co., Ltd. izaguha ibisubizo by'umwuga cyane.