Icyuma ni iki kandi gikozwe gute?
Iyo Icyuma kivanze na karubone nibindi bintu byitwa ibyuma.Amavuta avamo afite porogaramu nkigice cyingenzi cyinyubako, ibikorwa remezo, ibikoresho, amato, imodoka, imashini, ibikoresho bitandukanye, nintwaro.Imikoreshereze ni myinshi kubera ibyuma imbaraga zingana kandi ugereranije nigiciro gito.
Ninde wabivumbuye?
Ingero za mbere zibyuma byavumbuwe muri Turukiya kandi guhera mu 1800BC.Umusaruro ugezweho wibyuma watangiriye kuri Sir Henry Bessemerof Ubwongereza wavumbuye uburyo bwo gukora twe ubwinshi kandi buhendutse.
Itsinda ryibyuma bya Jindalai nuyoboye Uruganda rukora ibicuruzwa byohereza ibicuruzwa hanze / urupapuro / isahani / umurongo / umuyoboro.
Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati yicyuma nicyuma?
Icyuma nikintu gisanzwe kiboneka muri kamere muri Iron Ore.Icyuma nikintu cyingenzi kigizwe nicyuma, kikaba ari icyuma cya Iron hamwe hiyongereyeho ibyuma.Icyuma kirakomeye kuruta Icyuma, hamwe nuburyo bwiza bwo guhagarika umutima.
Ni ibihe bintu biranga ibyuma?
● Icyuma gifite imbaraga za Tensile nyinshi
● Biroroshye - kubireka bigakorwa muburyo bworoshye
● Kuramba - kwemerera ibyuma kwihanganira imbaraga zo hanze.
● Imyitwarire - nibyiza mugukoresha ubushyuhe namashanyarazi, bifite akamaro kubikoresho byo guteka no gukoresha insinga.
Luster - ibyuma bifite isura nziza, ya feza.
Res Kurwanya Kurwanya - kongeramo ibintu bitandukanye mubice bitandukanye kwijana birashobora gutanga ibyuma muburyo bwibyuma bidafite ingese birwanya ruswa.
Ninde ukomeye, Steel cyangwa Titanium?
Iyo ivanze nibindi byuma nka aluminium cyangwa vanadium, titanium alloy iba ikomeye kuruta ubwoko bwinshi bwibyuma.Kubijyanye nimbaraga zikomeye, titanium nziza cyane yatsindiye hasi kugeza murwego rwo hagati ibyuma bitagira umwanda.Nyamara, urwego rwohejuru rwibyuma bitagira umwanda birakomeye kuruta titanium.
Ni ubuhe bwoko 4 bw'ibyuma?
(1) Icyuma cya Carbone
Ibyuma bya karubone birimo Iron, Carbone, nibindi bintu bivanga nka Manganese, Silicon, na Muringa.
(2) Amashanyarazi
Amashanyarazi avanze arimo ibyuma bisanzwe bivangwa muburyo butandukanye, bigatuma ubu bwoko bwibyuma bukwiranye nibisabwa byihariye.
(3) Icyuma
Nubwo ibyuma bidafite ingese bigizwe nibyuma byinshi, mubisanzwe birimo chromium 10-20 ku ijana, bikaba aribintu byambere bivanga.Ugereranije nubundi buryo bwibyuma, ibyuma bidafite ingese birwanya inshuro 200 kwihanganira ingese, cyane cyane ubwoko burimo nibura 11% bya chromium.
(4) Ibikoresho by'icyuma
Ubu bwoko bwibyuma bivangwa nubushyuhe bwo hejuru cyane kandi burimo ibyuma bikomeye nka tungsten, cobalt, molybdenum, na vanadium.Kubera ko bidashobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe gusa ariko kandi biramba, ibyuma bikoreshwa kenshi mugukata no gucukura.
Ni ikihe cyiciro gikomeye?
SUS 440– nicyiciro cyo hejuru cyicyuma gikata gifite ijanisha ryinshi rya karubone, gifite uburyo bwiza bwo kugumana mugihe gikwiye neza.Irashobora gukomera hafi ya Rockwell 58 igoye, ikayigira kimwe mubyuma bidafite ingese.
Kuki ibyuma bititwa icyuma?
Kimwe mubibazo bikunze kubazwa kubyerekeye ibyuma ni ukubera iki ibyuma bidashyizwe mubyuma?Icyuma, kuba umusemburo bityo ntabwo ari ikintu cyera, ntabwo tekiniki ari icyuma ahubwo ni itandukaniro kuri kimwe aho.Igizwe igice cyicyuma, icyuma, ariko kubera ko gifite na karubone itari ibyuma muburyo bwa chimique, ntabwo ari icyuma cyiza.
Nubuhe bwoko bukoreshwa cyane?
304 Ibyuma bitagira umuyonga cyangwa SUS 304 urwego rusanzwe;icyiciro cya 18/8 (18% chromium, 8% nikel) ibyuma bitagira umwanda.Hanze ya Amerika, bizwi cyane nka "A2 ibyuma bidafite ingese", ukurikije ISO 3506 (tutitiranya ibyuma bya A2 ibikoresho)
Ibyuma ni ibikoresho biramba?
Ibyuma nibikoresho bidasanzwe biramba kuko iyo bimaze gukorwa birashobora gukoreshwa, nkibyuma, ubuziraherezo.Ibyuma bitunganyirizwa bitagira akagero, bityo igishoro cyo gukora ibyuma ntigishobora guta igihe kandi gishobora kubyazwa umusaruro ibisekuruza bizaza.
Bimwe mubintu bishimishije kubyuma
● Mugihe icyuma ari ibikoresho bikomeye byonyine, ibyuma birashobora gukomera inshuro 1000 kuruta icyuma.
Kwangirika kw'ibyuma biratinda cyangwa bikanahagarara rwose mugihe amashanyarazi anyuze mubyuma.Ibi bizwi nka Cathodic Protection kandi bikoreshwa mumiyoboro, amato, nicyuma muri beto.
● Ibyuma ni ibikoresho bikoreshwa cyane muri Amerika ya Ruguru - hafi 69% byayo bikoreshwa buri mwaka, bikaba birenze plastiki, impapuro, aluminium, nikirahure hamwe.
● Icyuma cyakoreshejwe bwa mbere mu bicu mu mwaka wa 1883.
● Bisaba ibirenze ibiti by'ibiti 40 kugirango urugo rukorwe n'inkwi - urugo rukora ibyuma rukoresha imodoka 8 zisubirwamo.
Imodoka ya mbere yicyuma yakozwe mumwaka wa 1918
● Ibyuma 600 cyangwa amabati bisubirwamo buri segonda.
Toni 83.000 z'ibyuma byakoreshejwe mu gukora ikiraro cya Zahabu.
Ingufu zingirakamaro zikenewe kugirango habeho toni yicyuma yaciwemo kabiri mumyaka 30 ishize.
● Muri 2018, umusaruro w’ibyuma bya peteroli ku isi byose hamwe byageze kuri toni miliyoni 1.808.6.Ibyo bihwanye n'uburemere bwa 180,249 Towers ya Eiffel.
Birashoboka ko uzengurutswe nicyuma muriki gihe.Ibikoresho bisanzwe byo murugo bigizwe na 65% byibicuruzwa.
● Icyuma kiri muri electronics yawe!Mu bikoresho byose bigize mudasobwa igereranijwe, hafi 25% byayo ni ibyuma.
Itsinda rya Jindalai Steel Group- uzwi cyane mu gukora ibyuma bya galvanis mu Bushinwa.Inararibonye mumyaka irenga 20 yiterambere mumasoko mpuzamahanga kandi kuri ubu ifite inganda 2 zifite umusaruro wa toni zirenga 400.000 buri mwaka.Niba ushaka kubona amakuru menshi yerekeye ibikoresho byibyuma, ikaze kutwandikira uyumunsi cyangwa gusaba ibisobanuro.
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-19-2022